Chlorophyll biosynthesis in higher plants proceeds via the tetrapyrrole pathway, beginning with glutamate and culminating in the formation of chlorophyll a and b. Key enzymatic steps include the ...

A proposed model of how StFC-II was manipulated by RxLR effector Pi22922 to suppress host imunitiy. Phytophthora infestans RxLR effector Pi22922 was secreted from haustoria and translocated in the ...

Scientists have identified three different signals that indicate damage to chloroplasts -- the photosynthetic factories of plant cells that give plants their green color -- but little is known about ...

Life as we know it wouldn’t be possible without chloroplasts — those tiny, bean-shaped structures inside plant and algae cells that harness the sun’s energy to turn water and carbon dioxide into ...